Introduction
Here are tips on how to get the most out of the study of this "divine handbook." These pointers will help answer a crucial question.
"How can a young man cleanse his way? By taking heed according to Your word." — Psalm 119:9
Why Is It Important to Study the Bible?
Why is God’s Word so important? Because it contains God’s mind and will for your life (2 Timothy 3:16–17). It is the only source of absolute divine authority for you as a servant of Jesus Christ.
It Is Infallible in Its Totality
"The law of the Lord is perfect, converting the soul; the testimony of the Lord is sure, making wise the simple." — Psalm 19:7
It Is Inerrant in Its Parts
"Every word of God is pure; He is a shield to those who put their trust in Him. Do not add to His words, lest He rebuke you, and you be found a liar." — Proverbs 30:5–6
It Is Complete
"For I testify to everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: If anyone adds to these things, God will add to him the plagues that are written in this book; and if anyone takes away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part from the Book of Life, from the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book." — Revelation 22:18–19
It Is Authoritative and Final
"Forever, O Lord, Your word is settled in heaven." — Psalm 119:89
It Is Totally Sufficient for Your Needs
"That the man of God may be complete, thoroughly equipped for every good work." — 2 Timothy 3:17
It Will Accomplish What It Promises
"So shall My word be that goes forth from My mouth; it shall not return to Me void, but it shall accomplish what I please, and it shall prosper in the thing for which I sent it." — Isaiah 55:11
It Provides Assurance of Your Salvation
"He who is of God hears God’s words; therefore you do not hear, because you are not of God." — John 8:47; see also John 20:31
How Will I Benefit from Studying the Bible?
Millions of pages of material are printed every week. Thousands of new books are published each month. This would not be surprising to Solomon, who wrote:
"Of making many books there is no end." — Ecclesiastes 12:12
Even with today’s wealth of books and computer helps, the Bible remains the only source of divine revelation and power that can sustain Christians in their daily walk with God. Note these significant promises in Scripture.
The Bible Is the Source of Truth
"Sanctify them by Your truth. Your word is truth." — John 17:17
The Bible Is the Source of God’s Blessing When Obeyed
"More than that, blessed are those who hear the word of God and keep it!" — Luke 11:28
The Bible Is the Source of Victory
"And take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God." — Ephesians 6:17
The Bible Is the Source of Growth
"As newborn babes, desire the pure milk of the word, that you may grow thereby." — 1 Peter 2:2
The Bible Is the Source of Power
"For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ, for it is the power of God to salvation for everyone who believes, for the Jew first and also for the Greek." — Romans 1:16
The Bible Is the Source of Guidance
"Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path." — Psalm 119:105
What Should Be My Response to the Bible?
Because the Bible is so important and provides unparalleled eternal benefits, these should be your responses:
- Believe it (John 6:68–69).
- Honor it (Job 23:12).
- Love it (Psalm 119:97).
- Obey it (1 John 2:5).
- Guard it (1 Timothy 6:20).
- Fight for it (Jude 3).
- Preach it (2 Timothy 4:2).
- Study it (Ezra 7:10).
Who Can Study the Bible?
Not everyone can be a Bible student. Check yourself on these necessary qualifications for studying the Word with blessing:
- Are you saved by faith in Jesus Christ (1 Corinthians 2:14–16)?
- Are you hungering for God’s Word (1 Peter 2:2)?
- Are you searching God’s Word with diligence (Acts 17:11)?
- Are you seeking holiness (1 Peter 1:14–16)?
- Are you Spirit-filled (Colossians 3:16)?
The most important question is the first. If you have never invited Jesus Christ to be your personal Savior and Lord, then your mind is blinded by Satan to God’s truth (2 Corinthians 4:4). If you need Christ, stop reading and, in your own words with prayer, turn away from sin and turn toward God:
"For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God, not of works, lest anyone should boast." — Ephesians 2:8–9
Step 1 — Reading
Personal Bible study is simple in principle. These five steps provide a pattern to follow. Begin by reading a passage of Scripture repeatedly until you understand its theme—the main truth of the passage. Isaiah said:
"Whom will he teach knowledge? And whom will he make to understand the message? Those just weaned from milk? Those just drawn from the breasts? For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept, line upon line, line upon line, here a little, there a little." — Isaiah 28:9–10
Develop a Reading Plan
Develop a plan for how you will approach reading through the Bible. Unlike most books, you will probably not read it straight through from cover to cover. There are many good Bible-reading plans available, but here is one that I have found helpful.
Read through the Old Testament at least once a year. As you read, note in the margins any truths you particularly want to remember, and write down separately anything you do not immediately understand. Often, as you read, you will find that many questions are answered by the text itself. The questions for which you cannot find answers become the starting points for more in-depth study using commentaries or other reference tools.
Read the New Testament Repeatedly
Follow a different plan for reading the New Testament. Read one book at a time repeatedly for a month or more. This will help you retain what is in the New Testament so that you do not always have to depend on a concordance to find things.
Begin with a short book, such as 1 John, and read it through in one sitting every day for thirty days. At the end of that time, you will know what is in the book. Write the major theme of each chapter on index cards. By referring to the cards as you do your daily reading, you will begin to remember the content of each chapter. In fact, you will develop a visual perception of the book in your mind.
Divide longer books into short sections and read each section daily for thirty days. For example, the Gospel of John contains twenty-one chapters. Divide it into three sections of seven chapters. At the end of ninety days, you will finish John. For variety, alternate short and long books. In less than three years, you will have finished the entire New Testament—and you will really know it!
Step 2 — Interpreting
Philip asked the Ethiopian eunuch a foundational question:
"Do you understand what you are reading?" — Acts 8:30
Or, put another way, "What does the Bible mean by what it says?" It is not enough to read the text and jump directly to application. We must first determine what it means; otherwise, the application may be incorrect.
As you read Scripture, always keep one simple question in mind: "What does this mean?" To answer that question, use the most basic principle of interpretation, called the analogy of faith, which tells the reader to interpret the Bible with the Bible. Let the Holy Spirit be your teacher (1 John 2:27). Search the Scripture He has authored, using cross-references, comparative passages, concordances, indexes, and other helps. For passages that remain unclear, consult your pastor or godly men who have written in that particular area.
Errors to Avoid
As you interpret Scripture, avoid these common errors:
- Do not draw conclusions at the expense of proper interpretation. Do not make the Bible say what you want it to say; let it say what God intended when He wrote it.
- Avoid superficial interpretation. You may have heard people say, "To me, this passage means," or, "I feel it is saying...." The first step in interpreting the Bible is to recognize the four gaps we must bridge: language, culture, geography, and history.
- Do not spiritualize the passage. Interpret and understand it in its normal, literal, historical, and grammatical sense, just as you would understand any other piece of literature you were reading today.
Gaps to Bridge
The books of the Bible were written many centuries ago. To understand today what God was communicating then, several gaps must be bridged. Proper interpretation takes time and disciplined effort.
1. Language
The Bible was originally written in Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic. Often, understanding the meaning of a word or phrase in the original language is the key to correctly interpreting a passage of Scripture.
2. Culture
The cultural gap can be tricky. Some people try to use cultural differences to explain away the more difficult biblical commands. Scripture must first be viewed in the context of the culture in which it was written. Without an understanding of first-century Jewish culture, it is difficult to understand the Gospel. Acts and the Epistles must be read in light of Greek and Roman cultures.
3. Geography
A third gap that needs to be closed is the geographical gap. Biblical geography makes the Bible come alive. A good Bible atlas is an invaluable reference tool that can help you comprehend the geography of the Holy Land.
4. History
We must also bridge the historical gap. Unlike the scriptures of most other world religions, the Bible contains records of actual historical persons and events. An understanding of Bible history will help us place the people and events in their proper historical perspective. A good Bible dictionary or Bible encyclopedia is useful here, as are basic historical studies.
Principles to Understand
Four principles should guide us as we interpret the Bible: literal, historical, grammatical, and synthesis.
1. The Literal Principle
Scripture should be understood in its literal, normal, and natural sense. While the Bible does contain figures of speech and symbols, they were intended to convey literal truth. In general, the Bible speaks in literal terms, and we must allow it to speak for itself.
2. The Historical Principle
Interpret Scripture in its historical context. We must ask what the text meant to the people to whom it was first written. In this way, we can develop a proper contextual understanding of the original intent of Scripture.
3. The Grammatical Principle
This requires that we understand the basic grammatical structure of each sentence in the original language. To whom do the pronouns refer? What is the tense of the main verb? When you ask simple questions like these, the meaning of the text becomes clearer.
4. The Synthesis Principle
This is what the Reformers called the analogia scriptura. It means that the Bible does not contradict itself. If we arrive at an interpretation that contradicts another passage, it cannot be correct. Scripture must be compared with Scripture to discover its full meaning.
Step 3 — Evaluating
You have been reading and asking, "What does the Bible say?" Then you interpreted, asking, "What does the Bible mean?" Now it is time to consult others to ensure that you have the proper interpretation. Remember, the Bible will never contradict itself.
Read Bible introductions, commentaries, and background books. They will enrich your thinking through the illumination God has given to other men and communicated through their books. In your evaluation, be a true seeker. Accept the truth of God’s Word even when it causes you to change what you have always believed or to alter your pattern of life.
Step 4 — Applying
The next question is, "How does God’s truth penetrate and change my own life?" Studying Scripture without allowing it to penetrate the depths of your soul would be like preparing a banquet without eating it. The bottom-line question is, "How do the divine truths and principles contained in this passage apply to me in terms of my attitudes and actions?"
"If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them." — John 13:17
Having read and interpreted the Bible, you should have a basic understanding of what the Bible says and what it means. But studying the Bible does not stop there. The ultimate goal is to let it speak to you and enable you to grow spiritually. That requires personal application.
Bible study is not complete until we ask ourselves, "What does this mean for my life, and how can I practically apply it?" We must take the knowledge gained from reading and interpretation and draw out the practical principles that apply to our lives.
- If there is a command to be obeyed, obey it.
- If there is a promise to be embraced, claim it.
- If there is a warning to be followed, heed it.
This is the ultimate step: submit to Scripture and let it transform your life. If you skip this step, you will never fully enjoy your Bible study, and the Bible will not change your life.
Step 5 — Correlating
This final stage connects the doctrine you have learned in a particular passage or book with divine truths and principles taught elsewhere in the Bible, forming the big picture. Always remember that the Bible is one book in sixty-six parts. It contains truths and principles taught repeatedly in a variety of ways and circumstances. By correlating and cross-referencing, you will begin to build a sound doctrinal foundation by which to live.
What Now?
It is not enough just to study the Bible. We must meditate upon it. In a very real sense, we are giving our brain a bath; we are washing it in the purifying solution of God’s Word.
"Blessed is the man who walks not in the counsel of the ungodly, nor stands in the path of sinners, nor sits in the seat of the scornful; but his delight is in the law of the Lord, and in His law he meditates day and night." — Psalm 1:1–2
"This Book of the Law shall not depart from your mouth, but you shall meditate in it day and night, that you may observe to do according to all that is written in it. For then you will make your way prosperous, and then you will have good success." — Joshua 1:8
From the First Bible Printed in Scotland (1576)
Here is the spring where waters flow, to quench our heat of sin; here is the tree where truth doth grow, to lead our lives therein.
Here is the judge that stints the strife, when men’s devices fail; here is the bread that feeds the life that death cannot assail.
The tidings of salvation dear come to our ears from hence; the fortress of our faith is here, and shield of our defense.
Then be not like the swine that hath a pearl at his desire, and takes more pleasure from the trough and wallowing in the mire.
Read not this book in any case, but with a single eye; read not but first desire God’s grace, to understand thereby.
Pray still in faith with this respect, to bear good fruit therein, that knowledge may bring this effect, to mortify thy sin.
Then happy you shall be in all your life, what so to you befalls; yes, double happy you shall be, when God by death you calls.
A Final Encouragement
May the Lord bless you as you live for Christ and are conformed to His glorious image!